Tramadol-A True Natural Product?

We have independently investigated the source of tramadol, a synthetic analgesic largely used for treating moderate to severe pain in humans, recently found in the roots of the Cameroonian medicinal plant, Nauclea latifolia. We found tramadol and its three major mammalian metabolites (O‐desmethyltramadol, N‐desmethyltramadol, and 4‐hydroxycyclohexyltramadol) in the roots of N. latifolia and five other plant species, and also in soil and local water bodies only in the Far North region of Cameroon. The off‐label administration of tramadol to cattle in this region leads to cross‐contamination of the soil and water through feces and urine containing parent tramadol as well as tramadol metabolites produced in the animals. These compounds can then be absorbed by the plant roots and also leached into the local water supplies. The presence of tramadol in roots is, thus, due to an anthropogenic contamination with the synthetic compound. Die Wurzel des Problems: Das synthetische Schmerzmittel Tramadol wurde kürzlich in den Wurzeln der kamerunischen Heilpflanze Nauclea latifolia nachgewiesen. Dadurch ist Tramadol aber noch kein Naturstoff: Das Auftreten der Substanz und ihrer wichtigsten Säugermetaboliten in den Wurzeln von N. latifolia und anderen Pflanzen sowie im Boden und Wasser im Norden Kameruns sind eine Folge anthropogener Kontamination.