Sorptive Removal of Nitro Explosives and Metals Using Biochar
The feasibility of using biochar as a sorbent to remove nitro explosives and metals from contaminated water was investigated through batch experiments. Biochar, synthesized using various biomasses, showed a porous structure and a high surface area and includes embedded carbonate minerals. Compared w...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of environmental quality 2014-09, Vol.43 (5), p.1663-1671 |
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| description | The feasibility of using biochar as a sorbent to remove nitro explosives and metals from contaminated water was investigated through batch experiments. Biochar, synthesized using various biomasses, showed a porous structure and a high surface area and includes embedded carbonate minerals. Compared with granular activated carbon, biochar was competitive as a sorbent for removing Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn from water according to the maximum sorption capacities of the metals. Some biochars also effectively sorbed nitro explosives from water. Correlation analysis between maximum sorption capacities and properties of biochar showed that the sorption capacity of biochar for cationic toxic metals is related to cation exchange capacity and that the sorption capacity of explosives is proportional to surface area and carbon content. Results from X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analyses and laboratory experiments suggest that surface functional groups may be responsible for the sorption of cationic metals to the biochar surface. In contrast, carbon contents may account for the sorption of explosives, possibly through π–π electron donor–acceptor interactions. Our results suggest that biochar can be an attractive and alternative option in environmental remediation of nitro explosives and metals through sorption and immobilization and that appropriate selection of biochar may be necessary according to the types of contaminant and the properties of biochar. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.2134/jeq2014.02.0097 |
| format | Article |
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Biochar, synthesized using various biomasses, showed a porous structure and a high surface area and includes embedded carbonate minerals. Compared with granular activated carbon, biochar was competitive as a sorbent for removing Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn from water according to the maximum sorption capacities of the metals. Some biochars also effectively sorbed nitro explosives from water. Correlation analysis between maximum sorption capacities and properties of biochar showed that the sorption capacity of biochar for cationic toxic metals is related to cation exchange capacity and that the sorption capacity of explosives is proportional to surface area and carbon content. Results from X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analyses and laboratory experiments suggest that surface functional groups may be responsible for the sorption of cationic metals to the biochar surface. In contrast, carbon contents may account for the sorption of explosives, possibly through π–π electron donor–acceptor interactions. Our results suggest that biochar can be an attractive and alternative option in environmental remediation of nitro explosives and metals through sorption and immobilization and that appropriate selection of biochar may be necessary according to the types of contaminant and the properties of biochar.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0047-2425</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1537-2537</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.2134/jeq2014.02.0097</identifier><identifier>PMID: 25603252</identifier><identifier>CODEN: JEVQAA</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: The American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, and Soil Science Society of America, Inc</publisher><subject>Activated carbon ; Biomass ; Cadmium ; Carbon ; Carbon content ; Cation exchange ; Cationic ; Charcoal ; Contaminants ; Correlation analysis ; Environmental cleanup ; Experiments ; Explosives ; Fourier transforms ; Heavy metals ; Infrared spectroscopy ; Metals ; Pesticides ; Sorbents ; Sorption ; Surface area ; Water pollution</subject><ispartof>Journal of environmental quality, 2014-09, Vol.43 (5), p.1663-1671</ispartof><rights>Copyright © by the American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, and Soil Science Society of America, Inc.</rights><rights>Copyright American Society of Agronomy Sep/Oct 2014</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-a4697-2dd2ef104ed5e7b0fdd75a07a0eb7c090df5897480574896ac9e6de3f2d2e6723</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-a4697-2dd2ef104ed5e7b0fdd75a07a0eb7c090df5897480574896ac9e6de3f2d2e6723</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.2134%2Fjeq2014.02.0097$$EPDF$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.2134%2Fjeq2014.02.0097$$EHTML$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,1417,27924,27925,45574,45575</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25603252$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Oh, Seok‐Young</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Seo, Yong‐Deuk</creatorcontrib><title>Sorptive Removal of Nitro Explosives and Metals Using Biochar</title><title>Journal of environmental quality</title><addtitle>J Environ Qual</addtitle><description>The feasibility of using biochar as a sorbent to remove nitro explosives and metals from contaminated water was investigated through batch experiments. Biochar, synthesized using various biomasses, showed a porous structure and a high surface area and includes embedded carbonate minerals. Compared with granular activated carbon, biochar was competitive as a sorbent for removing Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn from water according to the maximum sorption capacities of the metals. Some biochars also effectively sorbed nitro explosives from water. Correlation analysis between maximum sorption capacities and properties of biochar showed that the sorption capacity of biochar for cationic toxic metals is related to cation exchange capacity and that the sorption capacity of explosives is proportional to surface area and carbon content. Results from X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analyses and laboratory experiments suggest that surface functional groups may be responsible for the sorption of cationic metals to the biochar surface. In contrast, carbon contents may account for the sorption of explosives, possibly through π–π electron donor–acceptor interactions. Our results suggest that biochar can be an attractive and alternative option in environmental remediation of nitro explosives and metals through sorption and immobilization and that appropriate selection of biochar may be necessary according to the types of contaminant and the properties of biochar.</description><subject>Activated carbon</subject><subject>Biomass</subject><subject>Cadmium</subject><subject>Carbon</subject><subject>Carbon content</subject><subject>Cation exchange</subject><subject>Cationic</subject><subject>Charcoal</subject><subject>Contaminants</subject><subject>Correlation analysis</subject><subject>Environmental cleanup</subject><subject>Experiments</subject><subject>Explosives</subject><subject>Fourier transforms</subject><subject>Heavy metals</subject><subject>Infrared spectroscopy</subject><subject>Metals</subject><subject>Pesticides</subject><subject>Sorbents</subject><subject>Sorption</subject><subject>Surface area</subject><subject>Water 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Removal of Nitro Explosives and Metals Using Biochar</title><author>Oh, Seok‐Young ; Seo, Yong‐Deuk</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-a4697-2dd2ef104ed5e7b0fdd75a07a0eb7c090df5897480574896ac9e6de3f2d2e6723</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2014</creationdate><topic>Activated carbon</topic><topic>Biomass</topic><topic>Cadmium</topic><topic>Carbon</topic><topic>Carbon content</topic><topic>Cation exchange</topic><topic>Cationic</topic><topic>Charcoal</topic><topic>Contaminants</topic><topic>Correlation analysis</topic><topic>Environmental cleanup</topic><topic>Experiments</topic><topic>Explosives</topic><topic>Fourier transforms</topic><topic>Heavy metals</topic><topic>Infrared spectroscopy</topic><topic>Metals</topic><topic>Pesticides</topic><topic>Sorbents</topic><topic>Sorption</topic><topic>Surface area</topic><topic>Water 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Nitro Explosives and Metals Using Biochar</atitle><jtitle>Journal of environmental quality</jtitle><addtitle>J Environ Qual</addtitle><date>2014-09</date><risdate>2014</risdate><volume>43</volume><issue>5</issue><spage>1663</spage><epage>1671</epage><pages>1663-1671</pages><issn>0047-2425</issn><eissn>1537-2537</eissn><coden>JEVQAA</coden><abstract>The feasibility of using biochar as a sorbent to remove nitro explosives and metals from contaminated water was investigated through batch experiments. Biochar, synthesized using various biomasses, showed a porous structure and a high surface area and includes embedded carbonate minerals. Compared with granular activated carbon, biochar was competitive as a sorbent for removing Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn from water according to the maximum sorption capacities of the metals. Some biochars also effectively sorbed nitro explosives from water. Correlation analysis between maximum sorption capacities and properties of biochar showed that the sorption capacity of biochar for cationic toxic metals is related to cation exchange capacity and that the sorption capacity of explosives is proportional to surface area and carbon content. Results from X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analyses and laboratory experiments suggest that surface functional groups may be responsible for the sorption of cationic metals to the biochar surface. In contrast, carbon contents may account for the sorption of explosives, possibly through π–π electron donor–acceptor interactions. Our results suggest that biochar can be an attractive and alternative option in environmental remediation of nitro explosives and metals through sorption and immobilization and that appropriate selection of biochar may be necessary according to the types of contaminant and the properties of biochar.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>The American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, and Soil Science Society of America, Inc</pub><pmid>25603252</pmid><doi>10.2134/jeq2014.02.0097</doi><tpages>9</tpages></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Activated carbon Biomass Cadmium Carbon Carbon content Cation exchange Cationic Charcoal Contaminants Correlation analysis Environmental cleanup Experiments Explosives Fourier transforms Heavy metals Infrared spectroscopy Metals Pesticides Sorbents Sorption Surface area Water pollution |
| title | Sorptive Removal of Nitro Explosives and Metals Using Biochar |
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