Solid State Electrochromic Devices of Plasma Modified WO sub(3) Hybrids

Electrochromic (EC) properties of tungsten trioxide (WO sub(3)) was improved with preparing hybrids of tungsten trioxide-titanium dioxide (WO sub(3)-TiO sub(2)) and tungsten trioxide-poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (WO sub(3)-PEDOT) by a rotating capacitively coupled radio frequency (rf 13.56 MHz) plasma reactor. Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy mapping results indicated that TiO sub(2) and PEDOT were coated homogeneously onto the surface of the WO sub(3) powders. Thin films of hybrid powders have been prepared by the physical vapor deposition method of the electron beam evaporation technique. Redox potentials, optical contrast at 700 nm, and durability during 2000 cycles of EC devices were investigated, comparatively. Hybrids of WO sub(3) indicated excellent coloration efficiency (cm super(2) C super(-1)) and switching speed values compared with untreated WO sub(3). The coloration efficiency values were found to be 85.88 and 41.61 cm super(2) C super(-1) of WO sub(3)-TiO sub(2) and WO sub(3)-PEDOT, respectively. The switching speed of WO sub(3) (13.3 s, from bleached state to colored state) increased to 1.4 s for WO sub(3)-TiO sub(2).