Engineered L-Serine Hydroxymethyltransferase from Streptococcus thermophilus for the Synthesis of α,α-Dialkyl-α-Amino Acids

α,α‐Disubstituted α‐amino acids are central to biotechnological and biomedical chemical processes for their own sake and as substructures of biologically active molecules for diverse biomedical applications. Structurally, these compounds contain a quaternary stereocenter, which is particularly challenging for stereoselective synthesis. The pyridoxal‐5′‐phosphate (PLP)‐dependent L‐serine hydroxymethyltransferase from Streptococcus thermophilus (SHMTSth; EC 2.1.2.1) was engineered to achieve the stereoselective synthesis of a broad structural variety of α,α‐dialkyl‐α‐amino acids. This was accomplished by the formation of quaternary stereocenters through aldol addition of the amino acids D‐Ala and D‐Ser to a wide acceptor scope catalyzed by the minimalist SHMTSth Y55T variant overcoming the limitation of the native enzyme for Gly. The SHMTSth Y55T variant tolerates aromatic and aliphatic aldehydes as well as hydroxy‐ and nitrogen‐containing aldehydes as acceptors. Quaternary stereocenters are obtained with a stereoselective biocatalyst. Chirally pure α,α‐dialkyl‐α‐amino acid derivatives were synthetized through aldol addition of D‐Ala and D‐Ser to a variety of acceptor aldehydes. This reaction is catalyzed by the engineered pyridoxal‐5′‐phosphate dependent biocatalyst SHMTSth Y55T. (SHMTSth is the L‐serine hydroxymethyltransferase from Streptococcus thermophilus).