Clinical outcomes of prostate cancer patients in Yokosuka City, Japan: A comparative study between cases detected by prostate-specific antigen-based screening in Yokosuka and those detected by other means

Objectives To investigate whether prostate‐specific antigen‐based screening reduced the prostate cancer mortality rate in Yokosuka, Japan. Methods We carried out a cohort study, in which we compared clinical outcomes between patients detected by prostate‐specific antigen‐based screening (S group n = 524) versus those detected by other means (NS group n = 1044). Clinical and pathological factors were evaluated using Cox regression analyses and the Kaplan–Meier method. Results A total of 1.5% (8/524) of patients in the S group and 6.7% (70/1044) of those in the NS group died from prostate cancer during follow up. A total of 8.0% (42/524) of patients in the S group and 11.4% (119/1044) in the NS group died from other causes. The 10‐year cancer specific survival rates of the S and NS groups were 97% and 86%, respectively (P