Interventional Approaches to Gallbladder Disease

This review summarizes recent innovations in the approaches to gallbladder disease, including laparoscopic cholecystectomy, cholecystectomy with natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery, percutaneous cholecystostomy, and peroral endoscopic gallbladder drainage. Cholecystectomy is a well-established and frequently performed procedure. 1 The criteria for diagnosing acute cholecystitis and for grading its severity are shown in Table 1. 2 The demand for safer and less-invasive interventions continues to promote innovations in the management of gallbladder disease. Whether the approach to the management of gallbladder disease is surgical, endoscopic (as in the fairly recent introduction of natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery [NOTES]), or percutaneous, the most important considerations in selecting an approach are the patient’s overall medical condition and the local and systemic consequences of the disease (Table 1 and Table 2). Surgical Approaches to Cholecystectomy Laparoscopic Approach Laparoscopic . . .