Detection of T.G. and TO Genes Compound Mutations Associated with Thyroid Carcinoma, Toxic Goiter and Hypothyroidism in Iraqi Patients

Molecular genetic analysis of the T.G. and TO genes was carried out in many countries which resulted in the identification more than 35 effective mutations most of them clustered in the different region of T.G. and TO genes due to the high prevalence of the thyroid disorders. This study aimed to detect some compound mutations in T.G. and TO genes of Iraqi patients with thyroid disorders. PCR was used for detect eight common mutations that were chosen for diagnosis in this study using Locked Nucleic Acid(LNA) primers. In the current work results showed that 12 patients were with more than one mutation. Most of these mutations were detected in thyroid toxic goiter group 6(50%) followed by cancer group 5(41.7%) and one (8.3%) case in hypothyroidism. Furthermore, the frequency of the mutations compound TO C.19780G (40%) and (50%) T.G. g.IVS5+l G>A with a second mutation were higher than other mutations. The results also showed that new compound heterozygous mutations were reported here in hypothyroidism, thyroid cancer and thyroid toxic goiter which include one compound heterozygous mutation c.986A>C and c.2610G>T, Six compound mutations g.IVS5+lG>A+1978C>G, one from each g.IVS5+lG>A/ g.IVS34-1>C, c.986A>C/1978C>G, g.IVS5+lG>A/c.886G>T, c.IVSl 0-1 G>A/1978C>G, four compound mutations include g.IVS5+l G>A/g.IVS34-l G>C, c.2610G>T i\ 708OG, g.IVS34-lG>C A 708OGandg.IVS5flG>A+1978OG, respectively. The increased incidence of compound mutations in thyroid toxic goiter and thyroid cancer patients indicate that the DNA instability is very high in those patients.