The emotional distress of children with cancer in China: an item response analysis of C-Ped-PROMIS Anxiety and Depression short forms

Purpose The pediatrie patient-reported outcomes measurement information system (PROMIS) was developed to provide self-reported item banks and short forms for children and adolescents (aged 8-17 years) experiencing a chronic illness to assess their quality of life and symptoms. The pédiatrie PROMIS short forms have been translated into Chinese and applied in children with cancer in China. This study aimed to describe psychometric properties of the Anxiety and Depression measures. Methods A total of 232 children and adolescents with cancer were recruited in hospital-based inpatient and outpatient clinics. Eight Chinese versions of pediatrie PROMIS (C-Ped-PROMIS) measures were administered. Categorical confirmatory factor analysis (CCFA) were conducted to evaluate scale dimensionality and item local dependence of the C-Ped-PROMIS Anxiety and Depression items. Multiple indicator multiple cause models were used to analyze differential item functioning (DIF), item response theory parameters were calculated, and test information against scores was reported for each measure. Results The results of the CCFA confirmed that both CPed-PROMIS Anxiety and Depression scales appropriately measure the theoretical constructs as designed. No significant DIF was found for the items of the two scales according to age and gender. Both scales have high test reliability as long as their scores are not on the low or high extremes. Conclusions The pediatrie PROMIS Anxiety and Depression measures were developed to provide efficient and flexible assessment of emotional distress domains. Our results provide evidence that the two C-Ped-PROMIS measures can be readily applied to measure anxious and depressive symptoms in Chinese children with cancer.