UHMWPE-based nanocomposite as a material for damaged cartilage replacement

In the present work dispersion-strengthened nanocomposites based on ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) after mechanical activation were studied. Mechanical activation was performed for hardening of the boundaries between the polymer particles, reducing the fusion defects and increasing of wear-resistance. Three types of samples were prepared: UHMWPE, UHMWPE/Al2O3 nanocomposite and UHMWPE/Al2O3 nanocomposite after mechanical activation. UHMWPE/Al2O3 nanocomposites prepared with mechanical activation show the best mechanical properties in compression and higher wear-resistance. UHMWPE/Al2O3 nanocomposites prepared with mechanical activation were chosen for in vivo study by orthotopical transplantation in rats. Animals' activity has been being monitored for 60days after surgery. No signs of inflammation, cellular infiltration, destruction of material or bone–cartilage defect were found. Implanted sample has not changed its position of implantation, there were no any shifts. Obtained data shows that UHMWPE-based nanocomposite is a promising material for creating bioimplants for cartilage defect replacement. [Display omitted] •Mechanical activation of UHMWPE composite leads to changing of fracture mechanism.•Mechanical activation leads to increasing of wear-resistance of UHMWPE composite.•The presence of Al2O3 in grain boundaries of UHMWPE inhibits crack growth.•Complete integration of UHMWPE-based implant in cartilage defect of rat was shown.•UHMWPE/Al2O3 nanocomposite may be recommended for use in cartilage replacement.