Decreased β-catenin expression in first-trimester villi and decidua of patients with recurrent spontaneous abortion

Aim We aimed to study the relation between Wnt/β‐catenin signaling pathway and recurrent spontaneous abortion through investigating the expression of β‐catenin and Dickkof‐1 in first‐trimester villi and decidua of recurrent spontaneous abortion patients. Material and Methods Villous and decidual tissues were collected from 40 women (20 patients with recurrent spontaneous abortion and 20 patients with normal, early pregnancy). Western blots were used to measure the protein levels of β‐catenin in villi and decidua, and the localization of β‐catenin was investigated by immunohistochemistry. Quantitative real‐time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction was used to quantify the mRNA levels of β‐catenin and Dickkof‐1 in villi and decidua, respectively. Results Our results indicated that β‐catenin was expressed predominantly in plasma membranes of the villous cytotrophoblasts and glandular epithelium. What's more, its expression significantly decreased at both mRNA and protein levels, whereas the mRNA levels of Dickkof‐1 significantly increased in villi and decidua of the recurrent spontaneous abortion group compared with the normal control group. Conclusion We therefore speculated that the downregulated Wnt/β‐catenin signaling pathway might be associated with the process of the pathogenesis of recurrent spontaneous abortion.