Logic, probability, and human reasoning

Logic, probability, and human reasoning

Highlights • We describe a way to integrate probability with deductive reasoning. • Theories based on logic do not withdraw conclusions that conflict with the facts. • A ‘new paradigm’ based on probabilities solves this problem, but introduces others. • Mental model theory resolves the issues and ne...

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Veröffentlicht in:Trends in cognitive sciences 2015-04, Vol.19 (4), p.201-214
Hauptverfasser: Johnson-Laird, P.N, Khemlani, Sangeet S, Goodwin, Geoffrey P
Format: Artikel
Sprache:eng
Schlagworte:
Brain - physiology
Humans
Logic
Models, Psychological
Neurology
Probability
Psychiatry
Thinking - physiology
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Zusammenfassung:Highlights • We describe a way to integrate probability with deductive reasoning. • Theories based on logic do not withdraw conclusions that conflict with the facts. • A ‘new paradigm’ based on probabilities solves this problem, but introduces others. • Mental model theory resolves the issues and new studies corroborate its predictions.
ISSN:1364-6613
1879-307X
DOI:10.1016/j.tics.2015.02.006