CIRCADIAN GROWTH RHYTHM IN JUVENILE SPOROPHYTES OF LAMINARIALES (PHAEOPHYTA)

A circadian rhythm in growth was detected by computer-aided image analysis in 3-4-cm-long, juvenile sporophytes of the kelp species Pterygophora california Rupr. and in seven Laminaria spp. In P. californica, the free-running rhythm occurred in continuous white fluorescent light, had a period of 26 h at 10 degree or 15 degree C, and persisted for at least 2 weeks in white or blue light. The rhythm became insignificant in continuous green or red light after 3 cycles. Synchronization by white light-dark regimes, e.g. by 16 h light per day, resulted in an entrained period of 24 h and in a shift of the circadian growth minimum into the middle of the light phase. A morning growth peak represented the decreasing portion of the circadian growth curve, and an evening peak the increasing portion. The circadian growth peak was not visible during the dark phase, because growth rate decreased immediately after the onset of darkness. At night, some growth still occurred at 16 or 12 h light per day, whereas growth stopped completely at 8 h light per day, as in continuous darkness. During 11 days of darkness, the thallus area became reduced by 3.5%, but growth rate recovered in subsequent light-dark cycles, and the circadian growth rhythm reappeared in subsequent continuous light.