Carbon-decorated Li sub(4)Ti sub(5)O sub(12)/rutile TiO sub(2) mesoporous microspheres with nanostructures as high-performance anode materials in lithium-ion batteries

Li sub(4)Ti sub(5)O sub(12)/rutile TiO sub(2) (LTO-RT) composites with Li/Ti molar ratios of 3:5, 4:5 and 4.5:5 have been successfully synthesized with TiO sub(2) microspheres as a precursor. Furthermore, C-coated LTO-RT mesoporous microspheres with a molar ratio of 4:5 (C/4-5-LTO-RT) have been prepared based on the LTO-RT composite through a hydrothermal method and high temperature calcination. After various characterizations, it is found that carbon plays a pivotal role in retaining the porous nanostmcture of the original as-prepared TiO sub(2) precursor in the overall process. Substantially, C/4-5-LTO-RT still shows a high specific surface area of 63.70 m super(2) g super(-1) even after high temperature treatment at 800 [degrees]C. Since the porous nanostmcture offers open and direct channels for the diffusion of Li ions and electrons and carbon decoration also efficiently improves the electrical conductivity, the sample of C/4-5-LTO-RT shows an enhanced electrochemical performance. In addition, the presence of nanosized rutile TiO sub(2) in C/4-5-LTO-RT has an important contribution to the high electrochemical performance, as does the fast lithium ion diffusion along the [001] direction.