Biocompatibility of wollastonite-poly(N-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate) composites

Wollastonite-poly(n-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate) composite (W-BCA) has been proposed to immobilize anatomically bone fragments in order to achieve an optimal healing process. The present study evaluated the in vitro and in vivo behavior of three types of fillers: powdered natural wollastonite (Wn), synthetic pseudowollastonite powder (Ws), and synthetic pseudowollastonite powder coated with 5% acetyl tributyl citrate (Wst). The Wst-BCA composite underwent a higher degradability in the real-time degradation test and a superior cytotoxic effect; whereas the Wn-BCA composite showed a higher degradability in the accelerated test with no cytotoxicity. The formation of an extracellular collagenous matrix deposit on its surface and the most favorable new bone formation on Wn-BCA indicate its potential for bone adhesive use in unstable orthopedic traumas.