Influences of TiO sub(2) Addition on the Crystallization Behavior, Microstructure, and Magnetic Properties of Li sub(2)O-MnO sub(2)-Fe sub(2)O sub(3)-CaO-P sub(2)O sub(5)-SiO sub(2) Glasses

Influences of TiO sub(2) addition on the phase transformation, microstructure, and magnetic properties of Li sub(2)O-MnO sub(2)-Fe sub(2)O sub(3)-CaO-P sub(2)O sub(5)-SiO sub(2) (LMFCPS) glass have been studied using DTA, XRD, SEM, EDS, TEM, SAED, and SQUID. When LMFCPS glass, with and without TiO sub(2) content, is crystallized at 1123 K (850 degree C) for 2 hours, the magnetite (FeFe sub(2)O sub(4)), beta -wollastonite ( beta -CaSiO sub(3)), lithium orthophosphate (Li sub(3)PO sub(4)), and triphylite (Li(Mn sub(0.5)Fe sub(0.5))PO sub(4)) phases are formed. The beta -wollastonite and lithium silicate formed with evident directionality were observed in the LMFCPS glass-ceramics without adding TiO sub(2). However, when the LMFCPS glass with various TiO sub(2) content is crystallized at 1123 K (850 degree C) for 16 hours, very small remnant magnetic induction and coercive field hysteresis loops were found showing the ferromagnetic property in a magnetic field smaller than 2000 Oe. Additionally, when LMFCPS glass with various TiO sub(2) contents is crystallized at 1123 K (850 degree C) for 16 hours, the glass-ceramics showed super-paramagnetic property in a magnetic field of 60 kOe due to the small grains of the iron-rich phases.