Accelerated hyperfractionated radiotherapy for small cell carcinoma of the nasopharynx

Background The purpose of this study was to report the treatment outcome of a patient with nasopharyngeal small cell carcinoma. Methods The patient received concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CRT). Chemotherapy consisted of 4 cycles of cisplatin and etoposide. Accelerated hyperfractionated radiotherapy (RT) was performed with a dose of 45 Gy in 30 fractions over 3 weeks for the nasopharynx and upper neck region, whereas conventional fractionated RT was performed with a dose of 50 Gy in 25 fractions over 5 weeks for the lower neck region. Results Complete response was achieved 1 month after the completion of CRT. Prophylactic cranial irradiation was not performed. Isolated brain metastasis was diagnosed 18 months after the completion of CRT. Finally, the patient died because of the brain and cord metastases 32 months after the completion of CRT. Conclusion The administration of prophylactic cranial irradiation may be considered for nasopharyngeal small cell carcinoma. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 37: E63–E65, 2015