Liquid hydrogen tank considerations for turboelectric distributed propulsion

Purpose – This article aims to investigate a selected number of liquid hydrogen storage tank parameters in a turboelectric distributed propulsion concept. Design/methodology/approach – In this research study, tank structure, tank geometry, tank materials and additional physical phenomenon such as hydrogen boil-off and permeation are considered. A parametric analysis of different insulation foams is also performed throughout the design process of a lightweight liquid hydrogen storage tank. Findings – Based on the mass of boil-off and foam weight, phenolic foam exhibited better characteristics amongst the five foam insulation materials considered in this particular study. Practical implications – Liquid hydrogen occupies 4.2 times the volume of jet fuel for the same amount of energy. This suggests that a notable tank size is expected. Nonetheless, as jet fuel weighs 2.9 times more than liquid hydrogen for the same amount of energy, this reduced weight aspect partly compensates for the increased tank size. Originality/value – In this article, potential insulation materials for liquid hydrogen storage tanks are highlighted and compared utilizing a presented methodology.