Watermarking Image-based Vehicle Parking Enforcement Program for Preventing Evidence Manipulation

In an age where automobiles have become the most used method of transportation, a problem of illegal parking has arisen with insufficient police officers to enforce the law. Commercial or government-based parking enforcement programs were developed in order to lessen the load of the police deployed. The main objective of this study is to prevent false evidence from entering the system. Digital watermarking technology was imported via LSB transformation under law enforcement. Among various approaches, the Least Significant Bits (LSB) transformation scheme is easy and simple. An Android smartphone with an app installed was used with a PC desktop that is able to check the key stored from the application within a Wi-Fi zone. An experiment was performed to extract the key from an image taken from the smartphone to prevent false evidence.