Size and charge characterisation of a submicrometre oil-in-water emulsion using resistive pulse sensing with tunable pores

[Display omitted] ► The first full characterisation of an emulsion using resistive pulse sensing with tunable pores. ► Monitoring of an emulsion droplet size distribution over approximately four months. ► The first measurement of droplet zeta-potentials using tunable pores. ► Comparison of tunable pores and light scattering methods using size and charge data. ► Introduction of methods for measuring droplet shape and particle-by-particle charge. Resistive pulse sensing (RPS) with tunable pores (TPs) has been used to investigate an oil-in-water emulsion stabilised with β-lactoglobulin (BLG). The mode of the droplet size distribution steadily increased over four months, from less than 150nm to more than 200nm. Results suggest that the dominant growth mechanism was migration of oil to relatively large droplets, as in Ostwald ripening. In contrast, the growth dynamics for salt-induced aggregation suggest flocculation and coalescence of droplets coming into contact. The charge measurement method recently developed by Vogel et al. [1] was also applied to the emulsion. The two data analysis methods used yielded average droplet ζ-potentials of −18.9mV and −21.8mV, compared with −27.6mV obtained using light scattering. Methods for measuring emulsion droplet deformation and the charge on individual droplets are under development. Tunable pores are a useful tool for improved characterisation of submicrometre emulsions, as well as other synthetic and biological particles, as they provide better precision than light scattering for particle number distributions.