Signaling networks of Rho GTPases in cell motility

The last decades have witnessed an exponential increase in our knowledge of Rho GTPase signaling network which further highlighted the cross talk between these proteins and the complexity of their signaling pathways. In this review, we summarize the upstream and downstream players from Rho GTPases that are mainly involved in actin polymerization leading to cell motility and potentially playing a role in cancer cell metastasis. •We summarize the complexity of Rho GTPase signaling, particularly in cancer cell motility.•We summarize the different upstream regulators in response to various stimuli.•We summarize the main downstream effectors involved in actin polymerization.•We also shed the light on novel findings that challenged previous concepts regarding Rho GTPases.