Morphology-controlled synthesis of SnO sub(2)/C hollow core-shell nanoparticle aggregates with improved lithium storage

An effective approach of template-free alcoholysis is employed to prepare hollow core-shell SnO sub(2)/C nanoparticle aggregates as anode materials for Li-ion batteries. Amorphous carbon can be loaded on the SnO sub(2) nanoparticles uniformly in the solvothermal alcoholysis process, and the subsequent calcination results in the formation of hollow core-shell SnO sub(2)/C nanoparticle aggregates. They exhibit a stable reversible capacity of 640 mA h g super(-1) at a constant current density of 50 mA g super(-1), and the capacity retention is maintained over 90.9% after 100 cycles. The intrinsic hollow core-shell nature as well as high porosity of the unique nanostructures ensures the electrode has a high capacity and a good electronic conductivity. The hollow loose structure offers sufficient void space, which sufficiently alleviates the mechanical stress caused by volume change. Herein, the SnO sub(2)/C electrode presents excellent electrochemical performance. This method is simple, low cost, mass-productive, and can also be used to prepare other advanced functional materials.