Effect of Sulphur Mustard on mouse skin : an electron microscopic evaluation

Sulfur mustard was applied to clipped areas on the dorso caudal surface of male Swiss Albino mice. The animals were sacrificed on day 1, 3, and 6, and analyzed microscopically. Both epidermal and dermal cells were examined. Following application of sulfur mustard, the architectural order of the epidermal region was disturbed compared to controls. The discrete cell boundaries were distorted, showing necrotic epidermal cells with cytoplasmic vacuoles. With extended exposure, contiguous microholes were revealed in the stratified layers of the epidermis. The nuclear membrane at the upper dermis showed loss of integrity, and cytoplasmic vacuoles were seen frequently. Ultrastructural analysis revealed that the process of skin recovery began on the third day, and was perceptible on the sixth day when the epidermal tissues became aligned in parallel layers.