Epicardial and Pericardial Fat in Type 2 Diabetes: Favourable Effects of Biliopancreatic Diversion
Purpose Ectopic fat is often identified in obese subjects who are susceptible to the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The ectopic fat favours the decrease in insulin sensitivity (IS) and adiponectin levels. We aimed to evaluate the effect of biliopancreatic diversion (BPD) on the accu...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Obesity surgery 2015-03, Vol.25 (3), p.477-485 |
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| creator | Vasques, Ana Carolina Junqueira Pareja, José Carlos Souza, José Roberto Mattos Yamanaka, Ademar de Oliveira, Maria da Saúde Novaes, Fernanda Satake Chaim, Élinton Adami Piccinini, Francesca Dalla Man, Chiara Cobelli, Claudio Geloneze, Bruno |
| description | Purpose
Ectopic fat is often identified in obese subjects who are susceptible to the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The ectopic fat favours the decrease in insulin sensitivity (IS) and adiponectin levels. We aimed to evaluate the effect of biliopancreatic diversion (BPD) on the accumulation of ectopic fat, adiponectin levels and IS in obese with T2DM.
Materials and Methods
A nonrandomised controlled study was performed on sixty-eight women: 19 lean-control (23.0 ± 2.2 kg/m
2
) and 18 obese-control (35.0 ± 4.8 kg/m
2
) with normal glucose tolerance and 31 obese with T2DM (36.3 ± 3.7 kg/m
2
). Of the 31 diabetic women, 20 underwent BPD and were reassessed 1 month and 12 months after surgery. The subcutaneous adipose tissue, visceral adipose tissue, epicardial adipose tissue and pericardial adipose tissue were evaluated by ultrasonography. The IS was assessed by a hyperglycaemic clamp, applying the minimal model of glucose.
Results
One month after surgery, there was a reduction in visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissues, whereas epicardial and pericardial adipose tissues exhibited significant reduction at the 12-month assessment (
p
|
| doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s11695-014-1400-1 |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_cross</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_1660652647</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><sourcerecordid>1660652647</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c475t-1d3694d7492b606cfdd1f8c87a1b10eaf540a2d6cbfceddd6a0589a47563f6053</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNp1kU9r3DAQxUVpSbZpPkAvRdBLL05ntJIs59akmz8QaA_pWcjSqCh4bUfyBvLto7BpKIWexEi_92Y0j7GPCCcI0H4tiLpTDaBsUAI0-IatsAXTgBTmLVtBp6ExnVgfsvel3AEI1EIcsEOhUBpj2hXrN3PyLofkBu7GwH9Sfq0v3MLTyG8fZ-KCf0-up4XKab1_mHbZ9QPxTYzkl8KnyM_SkKbZjT6TW5Kv_APlkqbxA3sX3VDo-OU8Yr8uNrfnV83Nj8vr8283jZetWhoMa93J0MpO9Bq0jyFgNN60DnsEclFJcCJo30dPIQTtQJnOVa1eRw1qfcS-7H3nPN3vqCx2m4qnYXAjTbtiUVdbJbRsK_r5H_Su_mis01VKdabTUslK4Z7yeSolU7RzTluXHy2CfQ7A7gOwNQD7HIDFqvn04rzrtxReFX82XgGxB0p9Gn9T_qv1f12fACqxj7Y</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>1659896454</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Epicardial and Pericardial Fat in Type 2 Diabetes: Favourable Effects of Biliopancreatic Diversion</title><source>MEDLINE</source><source>SpringerNature Journals</source><creator>Vasques, Ana Carolina Junqueira ; Pareja, José Carlos ; Souza, José Roberto Mattos ; Yamanaka, Ademar ; de Oliveira, Maria da Saúde ; Novaes, Fernanda Satake ; Chaim, Élinton Adami ; Piccinini, Francesca ; Dalla Man, Chiara ; Cobelli, Claudio ; Geloneze, Bruno</creator><creatorcontrib>Vasques, Ana Carolina Junqueira ; Pareja, José Carlos ; Souza, José Roberto Mattos ; Yamanaka, Ademar ; de Oliveira, Maria da Saúde ; Novaes, Fernanda Satake ; Chaim, Élinton Adami ; Piccinini, Francesca ; Dalla Man, Chiara ; Cobelli, Claudio ; Geloneze, Bruno</creatorcontrib><description>Purpose
Ectopic fat is often identified in obese subjects who are susceptible to the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The ectopic fat favours the decrease in insulin sensitivity (IS) and adiponectin levels. We aimed to evaluate the effect of biliopancreatic diversion (BPD) on the accumulation of ectopic fat, adiponectin levels and IS in obese with T2DM.
Materials and Methods
A nonrandomised controlled study was performed on sixty-eight women: 19 lean-control (23.0 ± 2.2 kg/m
2
) and 18 obese-control (35.0 ± 4.8 kg/m
2
) with normal glucose tolerance and 31 obese with T2DM (36.3 ± 3.7 kg/m
2
). Of the 31 diabetic women, 20 underwent BPD and were reassessed 1 month and 12 months after surgery. The subcutaneous adipose tissue, visceral adipose tissue, epicardial adipose tissue and pericardial adipose tissue were evaluated by ultrasonography. The IS was assessed by a hyperglycaemic clamp, applying the minimal model of glucose.
Results
One month after surgery, there was a reduction in visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissues, whereas epicardial and pericardial adipose tissues exhibited significant reduction at the 12-month assessment (
p
< 0.01). Adiponectin levels and IS were normalised 1 month after surgery, resembling lean-control values and elevated above the obese-control values (
p
< 0.01). After 12 months, the improvement in IS and adiponectin was maintained, and 17 of the 20 operated patients exhibited fasting glucose and glycated haemoglobin within the normal range.
Conclusions
After BPD, positive physiological adaptations occurred in grade I and II obese patients with T2DM. These adaptations relate to the restoration of IS and decreased adiposopathy and explain the acute (1 month) and chronic (12 months) improvements in the glycaemic control.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0960-8923</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1708-0428</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s11695-014-1400-1</identifier><identifier>PMID: 25148887</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Boston: Springer US</publisher><subject>Adipose Tissue - diagnostic imaging ; Adipose Tissue - pathology ; Adiposity ; Adult ; Biliopancreatic Diversion ; Body fat ; Diabetes ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - complications ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - diagnostic imaging ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - metabolism ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - surgery ; Female ; Gastrointestinal surgery ; Glycated Hemoglobin A - metabolism ; Humans ; Hyperglycemia - complications ; Hyperglycemia - diagnostic imaging ; Hyperglycemia - metabolism ; Hyperglycemia - surgery ; Insulin ; Insulin Resistance - physiology ; Intra-Abdominal Fat - diagnostic imaging ; Intra-Abdominal Fat - pathology ; Male ; Medicine ; Medicine & Public Health ; Middle Aged ; Obesity ; Obesity - complications ; Obesity - diagnostic imaging ; Obesity - metabolism ; Obesity - surgery ; Original Contributions ; Pericardium - diagnostic imaging ; Pericardium - pathology ; Subcutaneous Fat - diagnostic imaging ; Subcutaneous Fat - physiopathology ; Surgery ; Ultrasonography</subject><ispartof>Obesity surgery, 2015-03, Vol.25 (3), p.477-485</ispartof><rights>Springer Science+Business Media New York 2014</rights><rights>Springer Science+Business Media New York 2015</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c475t-1d3694d7492b606cfdd1f8c87a1b10eaf540a2d6cbfceddd6a0589a47563f6053</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c475t-1d3694d7492b606cfdd1f8c87a1b10eaf540a2d6cbfceddd6a0589a47563f6053</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11695-014-1400-1$$EPDF$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/10.1007/s11695-014-1400-1$$EHTML$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,27924,27925,41488,42557,51319</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25148887$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Vasques, Ana Carolina Junqueira</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pareja, José Carlos</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Souza, José Roberto Mattos</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yamanaka, Ademar</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>de Oliveira, Maria da Saúde</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Novaes, Fernanda Satake</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chaim, Élinton Adami</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Piccinini, Francesca</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dalla Man, Chiara</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cobelli, Claudio</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Geloneze, Bruno</creatorcontrib><title>Epicardial and Pericardial Fat in Type 2 Diabetes: Favourable Effects of Biliopancreatic Diversion</title><title>Obesity surgery</title><addtitle>OBES SURG</addtitle><addtitle>Obes Surg</addtitle><description>Purpose
Ectopic fat is often identified in obese subjects who are susceptible to the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The ectopic fat favours the decrease in insulin sensitivity (IS) and adiponectin levels. We aimed to evaluate the effect of biliopancreatic diversion (BPD) on the accumulation of ectopic fat, adiponectin levels and IS in obese with T2DM.
Materials and Methods
A nonrandomised controlled study was performed on sixty-eight women: 19 lean-control (23.0 ± 2.2 kg/m
2
) and 18 obese-control (35.0 ± 4.8 kg/m
2
) with normal glucose tolerance and 31 obese with T2DM (36.3 ± 3.7 kg/m
2
). Of the 31 diabetic women, 20 underwent BPD and were reassessed 1 month and 12 months after surgery. The subcutaneous adipose tissue, visceral adipose tissue, epicardial adipose tissue and pericardial adipose tissue were evaluated by ultrasonography. The IS was assessed by a hyperglycaemic clamp, applying the minimal model of glucose.
Results
One month after surgery, there was a reduction in visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissues, whereas epicardial and pericardial adipose tissues exhibited significant reduction at the 12-month assessment (
p
< 0.01). Adiponectin levels and IS were normalised 1 month after surgery, resembling lean-control values and elevated above the obese-control values (
p
< 0.01). After 12 months, the improvement in IS and adiponectin was maintained, and 17 of the 20 operated patients exhibited fasting glucose and glycated haemoglobin within the normal range.
Conclusions
After BPD, positive physiological adaptations occurred in grade I and II obese patients with T2DM. These adaptations relate to the restoration of IS and decreased adiposopathy and explain the acute (1 month) and chronic (12 months) improvements in the glycaemic control.</description><subject>Adipose Tissue - diagnostic imaging</subject><subject>Adipose Tissue - pathology</subject><subject>Adiposity</subject><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Biliopancreatic Diversion</subject><subject>Body fat</subject><subject>Diabetes</subject><subject>Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - complications</subject><subject>Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - diagnostic imaging</subject><subject>Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - metabolism</subject><subject>Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - surgery</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Gastrointestinal surgery</subject><subject>Glycated Hemoglobin A - metabolism</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Hyperglycemia - complications</subject><subject>Hyperglycemia - diagnostic imaging</subject><subject>Hyperglycemia - metabolism</subject><subject>Hyperglycemia - surgery</subject><subject>Insulin</subject><subject>Insulin Resistance - physiology</subject><subject>Intra-Abdominal Fat - diagnostic imaging</subject><subject>Intra-Abdominal Fat - pathology</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Medicine</subject><subject>Medicine & Public Health</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Obesity</subject><subject>Obesity - complications</subject><subject>Obesity - diagnostic imaging</subject><subject>Obesity - metabolism</subject><subject>Obesity - surgery</subject><subject>Original Contributions</subject><subject>Pericardium - diagnostic imaging</subject><subject>Pericardium - pathology</subject><subject>Subcutaneous Fat - diagnostic imaging</subject><subject>Subcutaneous Fat - physiopathology</subject><subject>Surgery</subject><subject>Ultrasonography</subject><issn>0960-8923</issn><issn>1708-0428</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2015</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><recordid>eNp1kU9r3DAQxUVpSbZpPkAvRdBLL05ntJIs59akmz8QaA_pWcjSqCh4bUfyBvLto7BpKIWexEi_92Y0j7GPCCcI0H4tiLpTDaBsUAI0-IatsAXTgBTmLVtBp6ExnVgfsvel3AEI1EIcsEOhUBpj2hXrN3PyLofkBu7GwH9Sfq0v3MLTyG8fZ-KCf0-up4XKab1_mHbZ9QPxTYzkl8KnyM_SkKbZjT6TW5Kv_APlkqbxA3sX3VDo-OU8Yr8uNrfnV83Nj8vr8283jZetWhoMa93J0MpO9Bq0jyFgNN60DnsEclFJcCJo30dPIQTtQJnOVa1eRw1qfcS-7H3nPN3vqCx2m4qnYXAjTbtiUVdbJbRsK_r5H_Su_mis01VKdabTUslK4Z7yeSolU7RzTluXHy2CfQ7A7gOwNQD7HIDFqvn04rzrtxReFX82XgGxB0p9Gn9T_qv1f12fACqxj7Y</recordid><startdate>20150301</startdate><enddate>20150301</enddate><creator>Vasques, Ana Carolina Junqueira</creator><creator>Pareja, José Carlos</creator><creator>Souza, José Roberto Mattos</creator><creator>Yamanaka, Ademar</creator><creator>de Oliveira, Maria da Saúde</creator><creator>Novaes, Fernanda Satake</creator><creator>Chaim, Élinton Adami</creator><creator>Piccinini, Francesca</creator><creator>Dalla Man, Chiara</creator><creator>Cobelli, Claudio</creator><creator>Geloneze, Bruno</creator><general>Springer US</general><general>Springer Nature B.V</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8C1</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20150301</creationdate><title>Epicardial and Pericardial Fat in Type 2 Diabetes: Favourable Effects of Biliopancreatic Diversion</title><author>Vasques, Ana Carolina Junqueira ; Pareja, José Carlos ; Souza, José Roberto Mattos ; Yamanaka, Ademar ; de Oliveira, Maria da Saúde ; Novaes, Fernanda Satake ; Chaim, Élinton Adami ; Piccinini, Francesca ; Dalla Man, Chiara ; Cobelli, Claudio ; Geloneze, Bruno</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c475t-1d3694d7492b606cfdd1f8c87a1b10eaf540a2d6cbfceddd6a0589a47563f6053</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2015</creationdate><topic>Adipose Tissue - diagnostic imaging</topic><topic>Adipose Tissue - pathology</topic><topic>Adiposity</topic><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Biliopancreatic Diversion</topic><topic>Body fat</topic><topic>Diabetes</topic><topic>Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - complications</topic><topic>Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - diagnostic imaging</topic><topic>Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - metabolism</topic><topic>Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - surgery</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Gastrointestinal surgery</topic><topic>Glycated Hemoglobin A - metabolism</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Hyperglycemia - complications</topic><topic>Hyperglycemia - diagnostic imaging</topic><topic>Hyperglycemia - metabolism</topic><topic>Hyperglycemia - surgery</topic><topic>Insulin</topic><topic>Insulin Resistance - physiology</topic><topic>Intra-Abdominal Fat - diagnostic imaging</topic><topic>Intra-Abdominal Fat - pathology</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Medicine</topic><topic>Medicine & Public Health</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>Obesity</topic><topic>Obesity - complications</topic><topic>Obesity - diagnostic imaging</topic><topic>Obesity - metabolism</topic><topic>Obesity - surgery</topic><topic>Original Contributions</topic><topic>Pericardium - diagnostic imaging</topic><topic>Pericardium - pathology</topic><topic>Subcutaneous Fat - diagnostic imaging</topic><topic>Subcutaneous Fat - physiopathology</topic><topic>Surgery</topic><topic>Ultrasonography</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Vasques, Ana Carolina Junqueira</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pareja, José Carlos</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Souza, José Roberto Mattos</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yamanaka, Ademar</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>de Oliveira, Maria da Saúde</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Novaes, Fernanda Satake</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chaim, Élinton Adami</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Piccinini, Francesca</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dalla Man, Chiara</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cobelli, Claudio</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Geloneze, Bruno</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Pharma Collection</collection><collection>Public Health Database</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Obesity surgery</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Vasques, Ana Carolina Junqueira</au><au>Pareja, José Carlos</au><au>Souza, José Roberto Mattos</au><au>Yamanaka, Ademar</au><au>de Oliveira, Maria da Saúde</au><au>Novaes, Fernanda Satake</au><au>Chaim, Élinton Adami</au><au>Piccinini, Francesca</au><au>Dalla Man, Chiara</au><au>Cobelli, Claudio</au><au>Geloneze, Bruno</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Epicardial and Pericardial Fat in Type 2 Diabetes: Favourable Effects of Biliopancreatic Diversion</atitle><jtitle>Obesity surgery</jtitle><stitle>OBES SURG</stitle><addtitle>Obes Surg</addtitle><date>2015-03-01</date><risdate>2015</risdate><volume>25</volume><issue>3</issue><spage>477</spage><epage>485</epage><pages>477-485</pages><issn>0960-8923</issn><eissn>1708-0428</eissn><abstract>Purpose
Ectopic fat is often identified in obese subjects who are susceptible to the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The ectopic fat favours the decrease in insulin sensitivity (IS) and adiponectin levels. We aimed to evaluate the effect of biliopancreatic diversion (BPD) on the accumulation of ectopic fat, adiponectin levels and IS in obese with T2DM.
Materials and Methods
A nonrandomised controlled study was performed on sixty-eight women: 19 lean-control (23.0 ± 2.2 kg/m
2
) and 18 obese-control (35.0 ± 4.8 kg/m
2
) with normal glucose tolerance and 31 obese with T2DM (36.3 ± 3.7 kg/m
2
). Of the 31 diabetic women, 20 underwent BPD and were reassessed 1 month and 12 months after surgery. The subcutaneous adipose tissue, visceral adipose tissue, epicardial adipose tissue and pericardial adipose tissue were evaluated by ultrasonography. The IS was assessed by a hyperglycaemic clamp, applying the minimal model of glucose.
Results
One month after surgery, there was a reduction in visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissues, whereas epicardial and pericardial adipose tissues exhibited significant reduction at the 12-month assessment (
p
< 0.01). Adiponectin levels and IS were normalised 1 month after surgery, resembling lean-control values and elevated above the obese-control values (
p
< 0.01). After 12 months, the improvement in IS and adiponectin was maintained, and 17 of the 20 operated patients exhibited fasting glucose and glycated haemoglobin within the normal range.
Conclusions
After BPD, positive physiological adaptations occurred in grade I and II obese patients with T2DM. These adaptations relate to the restoration of IS and decreased adiposopathy and explain the acute (1 month) and chronic (12 months) improvements in the glycaemic control.</abstract><cop>Boston</cop><pub>Springer US</pub><pmid>25148887</pmid><doi>10.1007/s11695-014-1400-1</doi><tpages>9</tpages></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 0960-8923 |
| ispartof | Obesity surgery, 2015-03, Vol.25 (3), p.477-485 |
| issn | 0960-8923 1708-0428 |
| language | eng |
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| source | MEDLINE; SpringerNature Journals |
| subjects | Adipose Tissue - diagnostic imaging Adipose Tissue - pathology Adiposity Adult Biliopancreatic Diversion Body fat Diabetes Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - complications Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - diagnostic imaging Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - metabolism Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - surgery Female Gastrointestinal surgery Glycated Hemoglobin A - metabolism Humans Hyperglycemia - complications Hyperglycemia - diagnostic imaging Hyperglycemia - metabolism Hyperglycemia - surgery Insulin Insulin Resistance - physiology Intra-Abdominal Fat - diagnostic imaging Intra-Abdominal Fat - pathology Male Medicine Medicine & Public Health Middle Aged Obesity Obesity - complications Obesity - diagnostic imaging Obesity - metabolism Obesity - surgery Original Contributions Pericardium - diagnostic imaging Pericardium - pathology Subcutaneous Fat - diagnostic imaging Subcutaneous Fat - physiopathology Surgery Ultrasonography |
| title | Epicardial and Pericardial Fat in Type 2 Diabetes: Favourable Effects of Biliopancreatic Diversion |
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