Wall-function treatment in pdf methods for turbulent flows

A wall-function boundary condition is developed for the pdf/Monte Carlo method. Like traditional wall functions, this reproduces the logarithmic velocity profile and shear stress in equilibrium flow conditions. A constant-stress analysis for the pdf, and a linear-stress analysis for the first two moments of the pdf are developed as the basis for this wall-function approach. Stable and accurate boundary conditions are derived and demonstrated with fully-developed channel flow.