Contamination characteristics in surface water and coastal groundwater of Hunhe River

The pollution characteristics of Hunhe River and its costal groundwater were investigated which included inorganic and organic index. The results indicate that concentrations of ammonia, nitrate, nitrite and phenol in Hunhe River exceeded the National Environmental Quality Standard for Surface Water, and the maximum exceed multiple was 15.8, 1.5, 82.4 and 1.8, respectively. Ammonia, nitrate, nitrite, COD, Pb and phenol in coastal groundwater of Hunhe River exceeded the Environmental Quality Standard for Groundwater and the exceed ratio were 31.6%, 10.5%, 26.3%, 36.8%, 47.4% and 26.8%, respectively. But organic matters which were detected in the river and coastal groundwater such as chlorobenzene and benzex didn't exceed the standard. The pollutants especially organic pollutants were various and high-concentration from Mo jia-Da zhu section. The surface water quality was mainly affected by the city industrial wastewater and domestic sewage. The pollution in coastal groundwater was due to point source pollution vertical infiltrating caused by industrial production or rural residents activities, line source pollution by lateral infiltration recharged from river and nonpoint source pollution owing to the use of pesticide and fertilizer. Thereinto, organic pollution of groundwater was mainly on account of point source pollution. Some factors such as river using function, vadose zone lithology and layout of exploitation well along the river made pollutant transportation from the polluted river to shallow coastal groundwater within a few hundred meters which poses a great potential threat to ecosystem and local population.