Persistence of Ca super(2+)-sensing receptor expression in functionally active, long-term human parathyroid cell cultures

An original human parathyroid cell culture model from uremic patients with II degree hyperparathyroidism has been developed, with its main feature being long-term functionally active viability up to 5 months, as assessed by persistent responsiveness to changes of extracellular Ca super(2+) concentrations ([Ca super(2+)] sub(e)). In addition to the inhibitory effect of increasing [Ca super(2+)] sub(e), increasing extracellular phosphate exerted a biphasic effect on parathyroid hormone (PTH) secretion. The presence of the Ca super(2+)-sensing receptor (CaR), on which depends the response to [Ca super(2+)] sub(e) and its persistence, has been demonstrated in our culture system both by direct detection and by inhibition of its activity. CaR protein was detected by Western blot analysis with a specific anti-CaR antibody. CaR gene transcripts have been identified by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analysis. mRNA (by in situ hybridization) and protein (by immunocytochemistry) expression were detected for both CaR and PTH. Adding a specific anti-CaR antibody to the medium induced a marked reduction of low [Ca super(2+)] sub(e)-stimulated PTH release, which decreased to levels equivalent to those obtained in high [Ca super(2+)] sub(e) medium. The described long-term functionality could be due to several factors, including the clustered cell type of culture yielded by our preparation procedure, the growth characteristics of hyperplastic uremic tissue, and the use of a phosphate-rich medium. The present model, because of its long-term functionality, is a unique tool for the exploration of PTH synthesis and secretion and for studies of parathyroid cell growth in vitro.