The Mass Miracle Public Religion in the Postwar Philippines

From November 1948 to March 1949, petals of roses fell from the sky on the grounds outside of a Carmelite convent in the town of Lipa, Batangas. The petals and stories about them circulated at local, national, and international levels, giving rise to a variety of interpretations of their significance. This article examines the rose petals of Lipa as both a phenomenon to be mediated and a medium in its own right, in order to propose the need to rethink the common category of "popular religion."