Nuclear physics. Momentum sharing in imbalanced Fermi systems

The atomic nucleus is composed of two different kinds of fermions: protons and neutrons. If the protons and neutrons did not interact, the Pauli exclusion principle would force the majority of fermions (usually neutrons) to have a higher average momentum. Our high-energy electron-scattering measurem...

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Veröffentlicht in:	Science (American Association for the Advancement of Science) 2014-10, Vol.346 (6209), p.614-617
Hauptverfasser:	Hen, O, Sargsian, M, Weinstein, L B, Piasetzky, E, Hakobyan, H, Higinbotham, D W, Braverman, M, Brooks, W K, Gilad, S, Adhikari, K P, Arrington, J, Asryan, G, Avakian, H, Ball, J, Baltzell, N A, Battaglieri, M, Beck, A, May-Tal Beck, S, Bedlinskiy, I, Bertozzi, W, Biselli, A, Burkert, V D, Cao, T, Carman, D S, Celentano, A, Chandavar, S, Colaneri, L, Cole, P L, Crede, V, D'Angelo, A, De Vita, R, Deur, A, Djalali, C, Doughty, D, Dugger, M, Dupre, R, Egiyan, H, El Alaoui, A, El Fassi, L, Elouadrhiri, L, Fedotov, G, Fegan, S, Forest, T, Garillon, B, Garcon, M, Gevorgyan, N, Ghandilyan, Y, Gilfoyle, G P, Girod, F X, Goetz, J T, Gothe, R W, Griffioen, K A, Guidal, M, Guo, L, Hafidi, K, Hanretty, C, Hattawy, M, Hicks, K, Holtrop, M, Hyde, C E, Ilieva, Y, Ireland, D G, Ishkanov, B I, Isupov, E L, Jiang, H, Jo, H S, Joo, K, Keller, D, Khandaker, M, Kim, A, Kim, W, Klein, F J, Koirala, S, Korover, I, Kuhn, S E, Kubarovsky, V, Lenisa, P, Levine, W I, Livingston, K, Lowry, M, Lu, H Y, MacGregor, I J D, Markov, N, Mayer, M, McKinnon, B, Mineeva, T, Mokeev, V, Movsisyan, A, Munoz Camacho, C, Mustapha, B, Nadel-Turonski, P, Niccolai, S, Niculescu, G, Niculescu, I, Osipenko, M, Pappalardo, L L, Paremuzyan, R, Park, K, Pasyuk, E, Phelps, W
Format:	Artikel
Sprache:	eng
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Zusammenfassung:	The atomic nucleus is composed of two different kinds of fermions: protons and neutrons. If the protons and neutrons did not interact, the Pauli exclusion principle would force the majority of fermions (usually neutrons) to have a higher average momentum. Our high-energy electron-scattering measurements using (12)C, (27)Al, (56)Fe, and (208)Pb targets show that even in heavy, neutron-rich nuclei, short-range interactions between the fermions form correlated high-momentum neutron-proton pairs. Thus, in neutron-rich nuclei, protons have a greater probability than neutrons to have momentum greater than the Fermi momentum. This finding has implications ranging from nuclear few-body systems to neutron stars and may also be observable experimentally in two-spin-state, ultracold atomic gas systems.
ISSN:	1095-9203
DOI:	10.1126/science.1256785