Short- and mid-term results of balloon angioplasty for renal artery fibromuscular dysplasia

This study aimed to evaluate short- and mid-term outcomes of percutaneous transluminal renal artery angioplasty (PTRA) in patients with symptomatic renal artery stenosis caused by renal artery fibromuscular dysplasia (RAFMD). Retrospective analysis of 22 patients with RAFMD who were performed PTRA between 2006 and 2012. These patients underwent PTRA due to poorly controlled hypertension. Pre- and post-PTRA blood pressure (BP) measurements and renal function were evaluated. Freedom from events (restenosis, repeat intervention, renal failure, and recurrent hypertension) was investigated using life table analysis. Twenty-two patients (54.5 % women, mean age 39.2 years) with 24 renal arteries underwent PTRA. The technical success rate was 100 %. The mean systolic BP decreased from 155.9 ± 14.7 to 138.3 ± 9.41 mmHg ( P = 0.00004), and the mean diastolic BP decreased from 99.0 ± 11.5 to 88.0 ± 7.19 mmHg ( P = 0.0043). Rates of freedom from recurrent or worsening hypertension, defined by >140 mmHg systolic BP and >90 mmHg diastolic BP, were 89.4, 89.4, 81.3, and 71.1 % at 1, 2, 3, and 4 years, respectively. Restenosis-free rates were 90.0, 83.6, 73.4, and 61.9 %, respectively. No patient underwent repeat intervention and renal failure. PTRA is a durable modality for treating RAFMD with favorable short- and mid-term clinical outcomes.