Inhibition of bacterial activities by solar radiation in nearshore waters and the Gulf of Mexico

The effects of ultraviolet (UV) radiation on thymidine and leucine incorporation were examined in surface waters from the Gulf of Mexico and Santa Rosa Sound, a mesotrophic estuary in northwest Florida, USA. Whole and 0.8 mu m filtered surface waters were incubated with super(3)H-thymidine and super(14)C-leucine in UV transparent containers under natural solar radiation. Solar radiation was either not filtered (samples exposed to UV-B, UV-A, and photosynthetically active radiation, PAR), filtered through Mylar 500D (samples exposed to UV-A and PAR), or filtered through Acrylite OP3 (samples exposed only to PAR). In Santa Rosa Sound, thymidine incorporation was inhibited an average of 44% relative to dark controls when exposed to unfiltered solar radiation. PAR contributed 23% to the total thymidine inhibition, while UV-A and UV-B contributed 37% and 39%, respectively, to total inhibition. Leucine incorporation in Santa Rosa Sound was inhibited 29% by full solar radiation. The majority of the total leucine inhibition was due to UV-B (83%), while PAR only treatments showed leucine incorporation rates 10% higher than dark controls. For the Gulf of Mexico experiments, full solar radiation inhibited thymidine incorporation approximately twice as much as leucine incorporation. However, there were no consistent patterns in differences due to different wavelengths. Both thymidine and leucine incorporation were inhibited to a greater extent in