Triple HIV-1 infection with group O and Group M of different clades in a single Cameroonian AIDS patient

Coinfection or superinfection of more than one viral genotype (genetic population) is indicated by the co-existence of multiple human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) strains belonging to different phylogenetic lineages in a single person. Recently, there has been well-documented evidence of double infection with HIV-1 and HIV-2, and with different clades of HIV-1 as well as recombinational events between viruses belonging to different clades of HIV-1 or HIV-2. Here, we present evidence of triple HIV-1 infection with a highly divergent group O virus and group M viruses of clades A and D.