Process internal measures to reduce mill pollution load

There are several options to modify present pulping processes towards reduced environmental impact. The industry is readily adopting those that have reached the status of proven technology. New process variations are being developed. Process internal measures alone will not be sufficient to reach acceptable levels. External effluent treatment will always be required. Internal abatement measures should concentrate on reducing pollution potential at the very source but also on improving the conditions for efficient external treatment. The overall production cost will increase when applying internal pollution abatement options. The marginal addition is however small.