Proteins differentially expressed in human beta-cells-enriched pancreatic islet cultures and human insulinomas

[Display omitted] •Comparison of protein profiles of human pancreatic islets and insulinomas.•We identified proteins never described neither in human insulinomas nor in islets.•MAGE2 and Dermcidin could represent potential biomarkers for human insulinomas.•Caldesmon a protein involved in granule secretion, was increased in human islets.•The differences are related to their phenotype: normal or tumoural endocrine cells. In view of the great demand for human beta-cells for physiological and medical studies, we generated cell lines derived from human insulinomas which secrete insulin, C-peptide and express neuroendocrine and islet markers. In this study, we set out to characterize their proteomes, comparing them to those of primary beta-cells using DIGE followed by MS. The results were validated by Western blotting. An average of 1800 spots was detected with less than 1% exhibiting differential abundance. Proteins more abundant in human islets, such as Caldesmon, are involved in the regulation of cell contractility, adhesion dependent signaling, and cytoskeletal organization. In contrast, almost all proteins more abundant in insulinoma cells, such as MAGE2, were first described here and could be related to cell survival and resistance to chemotherapy. Our proteomic data provides, for the first time, a molecular snapshot of the orchestrated changes in expression of proteins involved in key processes which could be correlated with the altered phenotype of human beta-cells. Collectively our observations prompt research towards the establishment of bioengineered human beta-cells providing a new and needed source of cultured human beta-cells for beta-cell research, along with the development of new therapeutic strategies for detection, characterization and treatment of insulinomas.