Enhancement of photocatalytic H sub(2) evolution over nitrogen-deficient graphitic carbon nitride

Nitrogen-deficient graphitic carbon nitride (g-C sub(3)N sub(4-x)) was synthesized by a hydrothermal treatment using ammonium thiosulfate as an oxidant. The as-prepared photocatalyst was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), nitrogen adsorption-desorption, Fou...

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Veröffentlicht in:Journal of materials chemistry. A, Materials for energy and sustainability Materials for energy and sustainability, 2013-09, Vol.1 (38), p.11754-11761
Hauptverfasser: Hong, Zhenhua, Shen, Biao, Chen, Yilin, Lin, Bizhou, Gao, Bifen
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Sprache:eng
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Zusammenfassung:Nitrogen-deficient graphitic carbon nitride (g-C sub(3)N sub(4-x)) was synthesized by a hydrothermal treatment using ammonium thiosulfate as an oxidant. The as-prepared photocatalyst was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), nitrogen adsorption-desorption, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), elemental analysis (EA), electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (UV-vis DRS) and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy. The visible-light-driven photocurrent measurement was performed by several on-off cycles of intermittent irradiation. The photocatalytic activity of catalysts was evaluated by splitting water under visible-light irradiation ( lambda > 420 nm). Results demonstrated that the photoactivity of g-C sub(3)N sub(4-x) was enhanced greatly by the deficiency of the terminal amino species on the catalysts. The average H sub(2) evolution rate on g-C sub(3)N sub(4-x) was 31.6 mu mol h super(-1), which was ca. 3 times higher than that on pristine g-C sub(3)N sub(4). It was revealed that the unique nitrogen-deficient structure of g-C sub(3)N sub(4-x) played an important role in broadened visible-light absorption and efficient electron-hole separation, mainly accounting for the improved photocatalytic activity.
ISSN:2050-7488
2050-7496
DOI:10.1039/c3ta12332d