Synergistic effect of alumina and graphite on bronze matrix composites: Tribological behaviors in sea water

Bronze matrix composites were prepared by the powder metallurgy technology (P/M). The tribological properties of composites sliding against AISI321 stainless steel pins were studied under sea water condition. The alumina had a strengthened effect on the hardness and wear resistance of composites, but it increased the friction coefficient of bronze material. The nickel coated graphite improved the interfacial bonding between the bronze and graphite. The graphite was an effective solid lubricant in sea water. Sample with 3wt% Al2O3 and 3wt% nickel coated graphite showed good tribological properties in sea water. The composites showed different wear mechanisms. Sea water showed lubricating effect and corrosive effect during the sliding process. ●Al2O3 shows an obvious dispersion strengthened effect on the bronze matrix.●The graphite is an effective solid lubricant in sea water.●Bronze–alumina–graphite shows the best tribological properties.●Sea water shows lubricating effect and corrosive effect.