Functional 3D Printed Patient-Specific Modeling of Severe Aortic Stenosis

Electrocardiogram (ECG)-gated mid-systolic CT DICOM (Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine) images were imported into anatomic modeling software (Mimics X64 15.0, Materialise, Leuven, Belgium) with which the anatomic regions of interest (left ventricular outflow tract [LVOT], aortic valve, and proximal ascending aorta) were isolated and calcified regions identified. Because severe AS is a clinical condition with a relatively fixed AVA, the restricted temporal resolution of CT is potentially only a minor limitation to the modeling objective.