In Situ Synthesis of ZnMn sub(2)O sub(4)-ZnO-C and ZnMn sub(2)O sub(4)-C Nanohybrids as High Performance Lithium-Ion Battery Anodes

ZnMn sub(2)O sub(4)-ZnO-C nanohybrids have been synthesized by means of a simple carbonthermal reduction reaction between ZnMnO sub(3) and acetylene black. ZnMn sub(2)O sub(4)-C nanohybrids are obtained by further washing with NaOH solution. The reversible discharge capacity of the ZnMn sub(2)O sub(4)-ZnO-C nanohybrids can reach 620 mAhg super(-1) at a current density of 100 mAg super(-1) and 520 mAhg super(-1) at 800 mAg super(-1) after 100 cycles. More importantly, ZnMn sub(2)O sub(4)-C shows better conductivity along with better rate performance after the removal of ZnO. The as-prepared ZnMn sub(2)O sub(4)-C nanohybrids show a high specific capacity of approximately 750 mAhg super(-1) at a current density of 100 mAg super(-1) after 100 cycles and excellent rate performance. The reaction involved in the discharge/charge processes are discussed on the basis of ex situ high-resolution transmission of the electrode materials. The conclusions will be of benefit in the design and exploration of future binary transition-metal oxide anode materials for lithium-ion batteries. ZnMn sub(2)O sub(4)-ZnO-C hybrid anodes were synthesized by means of an in situ carbonthermal reduction reaction between ZnMnO sub(3) and acetylene black. ZnMn sub(2)O sub(4)-C hybrids with better battery performance were obtained by further treating with NaOH solution.