Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia: high-resolution CT findings in patients with and without HIV infection

The purpose of this essay is to review the spectrum of high-resolution CT findings of Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia in immunocompromised patients with and without HIV infection. Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia is a common opportunistic infection affecting immunosuppressed patients. High-resolution CT may be indicated for evaluation of immunosuppressed patients with suspected pneumonia and normal chest radiographic findings. The most common high-resolution CT finding of Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia is diffuse ground-glass opacity. Consolidation, nodules, cysts, and spontaneous pneumothorax also can develop.