Combined expression of S100A4 and Annexin A2 predicts disease progression and overall survival in patients with urothelial carcinoma

Abstract Objectives To determine the expression patterns and prognostic value of S100A4 and Annexin A2 for urothelial carcinoma of the urinary bladder. Methods and materials Immunohistochemical staining for S100A4 and Annexin A2 was performed in 315 archived radical cystectomies and 63 normal specimens. The immunoreactivity of these proteins was correlated to evaluate their clinical significance as prognostic factors. Results Protein levels of S100A4 and Annexin A2 were up-regulated in urothelial carcinoma compared with adjacent nontumor tissues. The increased expressions of S100A4 and Annexin A2 were associated with invasion depth, lymph node metastasis, and distant metastasis ( P