Increased circulating inflammatory markers may indicate that formula-fed children are at risk of atherosclerosis

Aim The aim of this study was to determine whether formula‐fed children have higher serum monocyte chemoattractant protein‐1 (MCP‐1) and uric acid levels than breast‐fed children and to evaluate the association between these inflammatory markers and breastfeeding duration. Methods The study group consisted of 87 patients aged between five and 32 months. Participants were divided into breast‐fed and formula‐fed groups and into age groups of ≤12 months and >12 months. MCP‐1 was measured by the commercial immunoenzymatic ELISA kit, and uric acid was assessed using the colorimetric method. Results Children in the formula‐fed group had statistically significant higher serum MCP‐1 and uric acid levels than breast‐fed children (p