Outcome of paediatric cataract surgery with primary posterior capsulotomy and anterior vitrectomy using intra‐operative preservative‐free triamcinolone acetonide

Purpose To evaluate the intra‐operative and postoperative outcome of paediatric cataract surgery with primary posterior capsulotomy (PPC) and anterior vitrectomy using intra‐operative preservative‐free triamcinolone acetonide. Methods In this prospective, interventional case–control study, 20 Children who underwent cataract surgery for both eyes were enrolled and their eyes were randomized into two groups. Group A consists of 20 eyes in which standard phacoaspiration with PPC with intracameral triamcinolone was used, and Group B consists of 20 eyes in which triamcinolone were not used. Intra‐operative complications and postoperative outcome like intraocular pressure (IOP), posterior synechiae, pigment deposits and posterior capsule opacification (PCO) were studied. Results In both groups, age range varied between 2–8 years comprising 18 males and two females. The mean postoperative IOP did not show any significant variation during 6‐month follow‐up. In study group, all the 20 eyes were quiet at 2 weeks, while there was cellular reaction 1+ in four eyes (20%) and nil in 16 eyes (80%) at 2 week in the control group (p = 0.035). Pigment deposits on IOL optic was seen in two eyes (10%) of the study group while in control group, IOL deposits were present in 14 eyes (70%) (p = 0.001). Posterior capsule opacification was seen in two eyes (10%) in control group at 3 months while none occurred in study group. Conclusions Intra‐operative use of preservative‐free triamcinolone acetonide led to less anterior chamber inflammation and pigment deposits on IOL optic postoperatively compared to those eyes where it was not used.