Differential effects of agroecosystem structure on dynamics of three soybean herbivores [Heliothis zea, Epilachna varivestis, Popillia japonica]

The population dynamics of three soybean herbivores, Heliothis zea (Boddie), Epilachna varivestis Mulsant, and Popillia japonica Newman, are discussed with relation to agroecosystem structure. Specific effects examined include climatic variations, spatial structure, temporal structure, cultural practices, and socio-economic changes. A discussion of the need for more comprehensive modeling efforts is also included.