Blood and fibroblast responses to thermoset BisGMA-TEGDMA/glass fiber-reinforced composite implants in vitro

Objectives This in vitro study was designed to evaluate both blood and human gingival fibroblast responses on fiber‐reinforced composite (FRC) aimed to be used as oral implant abutment material. Material and methods Two different types of substrates were investigated: (a) Plain polymer (BisGMA 50%–TEGDMA 50%) and (b) FRC. The average surface roughness (Ra) was measured using spinning‐disk confocal microscope. The phase composition was identified using X‐ray diffraction analyzer. The degree of monomer conversion (DC%) was determined using FTIR spectrometry. The blood response, including the blood‐clotting ability and platelet adhesion morphology, was evaluated. Fibroblast cell responses were studied in cell culture environment using routine test conditions. Results The Ra of the substrates investigated was less than 0.1 μm with no signs of surface crystallization. The DC% was 89.1 ± 0.5%. The FRC substrates had a shorter clotting time and higher platelets activation state than plain polymer substrates. The FRC substrates showed higher (P