Improvement in Ti-porcelain bonding by SiO sub(2) modification of titanium surface through cast method

This study aimed to improve Ti-porcelain bonding strength through SiO sub(2) modifications. Wax patterns were coated with SiO sub(2) mixed with tetraethoxy silane (group C), patterns without coating were used as controls and subdivided into sandblasting group (group S) and polishing group (group P). Castingsurfaces were analyzed with XRD, while Ti-ceramic interfaces were characterized using SEM/EDS. Metal-ceramic specimens were tested in three point bending, and characterizations were also analyzed with SEM/EDS of porcelain debonding surfaces. In group C, SiO sub(2) and Ti sub(5)Si sub(3) phases were observed; SEM micrograph showed that Ti-porcelain had a compacted interface, and EDS maps of the interface illustrated the diffusion of Si, Al, and Sn to Ti, and cohesive fracture within the bonding agent. The bond strength of group C was 39.04 plus or minus 5.0 MPa, which was 15% higher than that of group S and 32% higher than that of group P. SiO sub(2) coating could improve Ti-porcelain bond strength.