International Telemedicine in Pediatric Cardiac Critical Care: A Multicenter Experience

Objective: To describe our multicenter experience in telemedicine-assisted pediatric cardiac critical care (PCCC) with four hospitals in Latin America from July 2011 to June 2013. Materials and Methods: This was a descriptive study based on telemedicine encounters related to quality of communication, assessed information, activities, and recommendations. Comparison among centers was performed. A postimplementation survey was conducted through a 5-point Likert scale questionnaire investigating acceptance among professionals involved with the telemedicine service through the assessment of general satisfaction, perception about the work system, usefulness, and impact on medical practice. Results: One thousand forty consultations were conducted for 476 patients. Postoperatively, patients were distributed into Risk Adjustment Classification for Congenital Heart Surgery (RACHS-1) categories as follows: 2%, 26%, 36%, 26%, and 10% in categories 1, 2, 3, 4, and 6, respectively. A real-time intervention took place in 23% of encounters. Of the 2,173 recommendations given, 70 were related to extracorporeal membrane oxygenation management. There was a different RACHS-1 distribution and encounter characteristics among centers. From a total of 51 surveys sent, 27 responses were received, and among responders, overall satisfaction was very high (4.27±0.18), as well as work system quality (4.4±0.37). Telemedicine was considered useful in the cardiac intensive care unit (3.86±0.60), for patient outcomes (3.8±0.51), and for education (3.7±0.71). There was a difference in overall satisfaction, perception about telemedicine usefulness in education, and impact on medical practice among centers. Conclusions: An international, multicenter telemedicine program in PCCC is technologically and logistically feasible. Prospective interventions in our international multicenter telemedicine program should consider differences in staff composition, perception of needs, and patient population among centers.