Modified Busulfan and Cyclophosphamide Conditioning Regimen for Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in the Treatment of Patients With Hematologic Malignancies

Abstract Objective We aim to evaluate the clinical efficacy of a modified busulfan and cyclophosphamide (BU/CY) conditioning regimen for allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) in the treatment of hematologic malignancies. Methods A total of 45 patients with hematologic malignancies were treated using stem cell transplantation between March 2007 and June 2012. All the patients received a modified BU/CY conditioning regimen before transplantation. The outcomes of the patients were followed up including mortality, survival, relapse, and complications. Results The median of follow-up duration was 527 days. All the patients who received modified BU/CY conditioning regimen achieved hematopoietic recovery successfully. Among the patients, 24 were survived without complications, 5 had relapsed hematologic malignancies, and 16 died. The median time to leucocyte engraftment was 14 days and to platelet engraftment was 12 days. Acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD; grades I-IV) occurred in 15 patients (30%). The cumulative incidence of grades I aGVHD was 22.2% (10 patients), grades II was 6.7% (3 patients), and grades III-IV was 4.4% (2 patients). Among 40 appreciable patients, 8 (20%) developed chronic GVHD. The incidence rate of hemorrhagic cystitis and veno-occlusive disease were 15.5% and 2.2%, respectively. Conclusions The modified BU/CY conditioning regimen for allo-HSCT is effective and safe for the treatment of hematologic malignancies.