On vertical electric fields at lunar magnetic anomalies

We study the interaction between a magnetic dipole mimicking the Gerasimovich magnetic anomaly on the lunar surface and the solar wind in a self‐consistent 3‐D quasi‐neutral hybrid simulation where ions are modeled as particles and electrons as a charge‐neutralizing fluid. Especially, we consider the origin of the recently observed electric potentials at lunar magnetic anomalies. An antimoonward Hall electric field forms in our simulation resulting in a potential difference of