Gender Differences in the Management and Outcome of Atrial Fibrillation Complicating Acute Heart Failure

Abstract Background Little is known about sex differences in the prevalence, treatment, and outcome of atrial fibrillation complicating acute heart failure. Methods and Results Among 957 patients (429 women, 528 men), included in the BIO-HF registry, 45.2% (n = 194) of the women and 45.1% (n = 238) of the men were admitted with atrial fibrillation. The primary end point was a composite of 1-year all-cause mortality and hospitalization for heart failure. Adjusted 1-year mortality and hospitalization rates were similar between sexes (women 38.5%, men 36.0%; OR for female gender: 1.1, 95% CI 0.65–1.86; P = .71. A significant interaction between female sex and age ( P = .002) was observed; with worse prognosis for women