Hydrogen–methane mixtures: Dispersion and stratification studies

The study of hydrogen as an alternative fuel, clean and “environment friendly”, has been in the last years and continues to be object of many studies, international projects and standard development. Hydrogen is a fundamental energy carrier, to be developed together with other renewable resources, for the transition to a sustainable energy system. But experience has shown how often the introduction and establishment of a new technology does not necessarily pass through radical changes, but can be stimulated by slight modifications to the “present situation”. So the worldwide experience with natural gas, as industrial, automotive and domestic fuel, has been the incentive to the present interest towards hydrogen–methane mixtures. The possible use of existing pipeline networks for mixtures of natural gas and hydrogen offers a unique and cost-effective opportunity to initiate the progressive introduction of hydrogen as part of the development of a full hydrogen system. The aim of the work presented in this paper is the investigation of the dispersion and stratification properties of hydrogen and methane mixtures. Experimental activities have been carried out in a large scale closed apparatus, characterized by a volume of about 25 m3, both with and without natural ventilation. Mixtures of 10%vol. hydrogen – 90%vol. methane and 30%vol. hydrogen – 70%vol. methane have been studied with the help of oxygen sensors and gas chromatography. •H2–CH4 mixtures dispersion studies have been carried out in a large scale facility.•Experiments with and without natural ventilation openings have been carried out.•Gas chromatograph and oxygen sensors have been used to measure concentrations.•Dispersion and stratification over long residence time of the mixture were studied.•In all the test a non uniform mixture's concentration distribution was observed.