Multimodal Treatment of Distal Sensorimotor Polyneuropathy in Diabetic Patients: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Abstract Objective The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the application of analyzing treadmill, muscle strengthening, and balance training compared with a standard care intervention in patients with diabetic neuropathy. Methods Twenty-seven patients, 63% female (mean ± standard deviations age, 72 ± 9 years), with diabetic neuropathy randomly assigned to receive a multimodal manual treatment approach including analyzing treadmill with feedback focused, isokinetic dynamometric muscle strengthening, and balance retraining on dynamic balance platform or a standard care intervention for activities targeted to improve endurance, manual exercises of muscle strengthening, stretching exercises, gait, and balance exercises (5 weekly over 4 weeks). This study was designed as a double-blind, randomized clinical trial. Measures were assessed at pretreatment, 4 weeks posttreatment, and 2-month follow-up. Results No important baseline differences were observed between groups. At the end of the treatment period, the experimental group showed a significant increase in gait endurance in a 6-minute walk test, 65.6 m (F[2.0] = 9.636; P = .001). In addition, the 6-minute walk test increased after the intervention, and an even greater difference was found at follow-up ( P = .005) for the standard care group. The Functional Independence Measure in both groups increased ( P < .01) and continued until the follow-up in the standard care group ( P = .003). Conclusions The results suggest that the experimental rehabilitation program showed positive effects on the gait endurance after 4 weeks of treatment, whereas it did not produce significant improvements of the gait speed. Both the treatments produced significant improvement of functionalities of the patient.